Surface-ocean CO2 variability and vulnerability
Identifieur interne : 008066 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 008065; suivant : 008067Surface-ocean CO2 variability and vulnerability
Auteurs : Scott C. Doney [États-Unis] ; Bronte Tilbrook [Australie] ; Sylvie Roy [France] ; Nicolas Metzl [France] ; Corinne Le Quere [Royaume-Uni] ; Maria Hood [France] ; Richard A. Feely [États-Unis] ; Dorothee Bakker [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Deep-sea research. Part 2. Topical studies in oceanography [ 0967-0645 ] ; 2009.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Variabilité, Echantillonnage, Technologie, Réseau observation, Synthèse, Monde, Variation décennale, Pression partielle, Dioxyde carbone, Dioxyde de carbone, Air, Plomb, Marge continentale, Estuaire, Analyse tendance, Efficacité, Océan Antarctique, Variation temporelle, Atmosphère, Carbone, Climat, Réchauffement, Stratification, Contraction, Vent Ouest, Océan mondial, Océan Atlantique Nord, Océan Pacifique Equatorial.
- Wicri :
- topic : Technologie, Plomb, Estuaire, Océan Antarctique, Atmosphère, Carbone, Climat.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Antarctic Ocean, Carbon dioxide, Decadal variation, Equatorial Pacific, North Atlantic, Observational network, Westerly wind, air, atmosphere, carbon, carbon dioxide, climate, continental margin, contraction, efficiency, estuaries, global, lead, partial pressure, sampling, stratification, synthesis, technology, time variations, trend-surface analysis, variability, warming, world ocean.
Abstract
Improved sampling technologies, international observing networks, and data synthesis efforts are providing an unprecedented view of the global patterns and decadal variability of surface-ocean partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and air-sea CO2 flux. A new observational synthesis for surface-ocean pCO2 leads to a global ocean net CO2 sink of -1.8 Pg Cyr-1 (±0.7); continental margins and estuaries together act as a small net source (∼0.15 Pg Cyr-1). New results on decadal trends indicate recent decreases in efficiency of the ocean to absorb CO2 in the Southern Ocean, North Atlantic, and Equatorial Pacific. Although we do not yet have an estimate of the trend in the global oceanic sink of CO2, the existing observations may help explain temporal variations in the fraction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions that remain in the atmosphere (airborne fraction). Major vulnerabilities in the future behavior of the ocean-carbon-climate system include the effects of ocean warming, enhanced vertical stratification, strengthening and poleward contraction of westerly winds in the Southern Ocean, and shifts in the biological pump and ecosystem functioning. To address issues of both ocean-carbon variability and vulnerability, a sustained surface-ocean-carbon-observing system needs to be established with improved global spatial coverage and internationally coordinated data synthesis activities.
Affiliations:
- Australie, France, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Région Bretagne, Île-de-France
- Brest, Paris
- Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie
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Le document en format XML
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Doney</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road</s1><s2>Woods Hole, MA 02543</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Woods Hole, MA 02543</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tilbrook, Bronte" sort="Tilbrook, Bronte" uniqKey="Tilbrook B" first="Bronte" last="Tilbrook">Bronte Tilbrook</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Center for Australian Weather and Climate Research-a partnership of the Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO, and the Australian Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Center</s1><s2>Hobart, Tasmania</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Hobart, Tasmania</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roy, Sylvie" sort="Roy, Sylvie" uniqKey="Roy S" first="Sylvie" last="Roy">Sylvie Roy</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>IMBER, Institute Universitaire Européenne de la Mer</s1><s2>Brest</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Région Bretagne</region><region type="old region">Région Bretagne</region><settlement type="city">Brest</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Metzl, Nicolas" sort="Metzl, Nicolas" uniqKey="Metzl N" first="Nicolas" last="Metzl">Nicolas Metzl</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>LOCEAN/IPSL, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Le Quere, Corinne" sort="Le Quere, Corinne" uniqKey="Le Quere C" first="Corinne" last="Le Quere">Corinne Le Quere</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia</s1><s2>Norwich</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Norwich</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>British Antarctic Survey</s1><s2>Cambridge</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>British Antarctic Survey</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hood, Maria" sort="Hood, Maria" uniqKey="Hood M" first="Maria" last="Hood">Maria Hood</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feely, Richard A" sort="Feely, Richard A" uniqKey="Feely R" first="Richard A." last="Feely">Richard A. Feely</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</s1><s2>Seattle, WA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Seattle, WA</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bakker, Dorothee" sort="Bakker, Dorothee" uniqKey="Bakker D" first="Dorothee" last="Bakker">Dorothee Bakker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia</s1><s2>Norwich</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Norwich</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Deep-sea research. Part 2. Topical studies in oceanography</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Deep-sea res., Part 2, Top. stud. oceanogr.</title><idno type="ISSN">0967-0645</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Deep-sea research. Part 2. Topical studies in oceanography</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Deep-sea res., Part 2, Top. stud. oceanogr.</title><idno type="ISSN">0967-0645</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antarctic Ocean</term><term>Carbon dioxide</term><term>Decadal variation</term><term>Equatorial Pacific</term><term>North Atlantic</term><term>Observational network</term><term>Westerly wind</term><term>air</term><term>atmosphere</term><term>carbon</term><term>carbon dioxide</term><term>climate</term><term>continental margin</term><term>contraction</term><term>efficiency</term><term>estuaries</term><term>global</term><term>lead</term><term>partial pressure</term><term>sampling</term><term>stratification</term><term>synthesis</term><term>technology</term><term>time variations</term><term>trend-surface analysis</term><term>variability</term><term>warming</term><term>world ocean</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Variabilité</term><term>Echantillonnage</term><term>Technologie</term><term>Réseau observation</term><term>Synthèse</term><term>Monde</term><term>Variation décennale</term><term>Pression partielle</term><term>Dioxyde carbone</term><term>Dioxyde de carbone</term><term>Air</term><term>Plomb</term><term>Marge continentale</term><term>Estuaire</term><term>Analyse tendance</term><term>Efficacité</term><term>Océan Antarctique</term><term>Variation temporelle</term><term>Atmosphère</term><term>Carbone</term><term>Climat</term><term>Réchauffement</term><term>Stratification</term><term>Contraction</term><term>Vent Ouest</term><term>Océan mondial</term><term>Océan Atlantique Nord</term><term>Océan Pacifique Equatorial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Technologie</term><term>Plomb</term><term>Estuaire</term><term>Océan Antarctique</term><term>Atmosphère</term><term>Carbone</term><term>Climat</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Improved sampling technologies, international observing networks, and data synthesis efforts are providing an unprecedented view of the global patterns and decadal variability of surface-ocean partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO<sub>2</sub>) and air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> flux. A new observational synthesis for surface-ocean pCO<sub>2</sub> leads to a global ocean net CO<sub>2</sub> sink of -1.8 Pg Cyr<sup>-1</sup> (±0.7); continental margins and estuaries together act as a small net source (∼0.15 Pg Cyr<sup>-1</sup>). New results on decadal trends indicate recent decreases in efficiency of the ocean to absorb CO<sub>2</sub> in the Southern Ocean, North Atlantic, and Equatorial Pacific. Although we do not yet have an estimate of the trend in the global oceanic sink of CO<sub>2</sub>, the existing observations may help explain temporal variations in the fraction of anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions that remain in the atmosphere (airborne fraction). Major vulnerabilities in the future behavior of the ocean-carbon-climate system include the effects of ocean warming, enhanced vertical stratification, strengthening and poleward contraction of westerly winds in the Southern Ocean, and shifts in the biological pump and ecosystem functioning. To address issues of both ocean-carbon variability and vulnerability, a sustained surface-ocean-carbon-observing system needs to be established with improved global spatial coverage and internationally coordinated data synthesis activities.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Région Bretagne</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Brest</li><li>Paris</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Doney, Scott C" sort="Doney, Scott C" uniqKey="Doney S" first="Scott C." last="Doney">Scott C. Doney</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Feely, Richard A" sort="Feely, Richard A" uniqKey="Feely R" first="Richard A." last="Feely">Richard A. Feely</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tilbrook, Bronte" sort="Tilbrook, Bronte" uniqKey="Tilbrook B" first="Bronte" last="Tilbrook">Bronte Tilbrook</name></noRegion></country><country name="France"><region name="Région Bretagne"><name sortKey="Roy, Sylvie" sort="Roy, Sylvie" uniqKey="Roy S" first="Sylvie" last="Roy">Sylvie Roy</name></region><name sortKey="Hood, Maria" sort="Hood, Maria" uniqKey="Hood M" first="Maria" last="Hood">Maria Hood</name><name sortKey="Metzl, Nicolas" sort="Metzl, Nicolas" uniqKey="Metzl N" first="Nicolas" last="Metzl">Nicolas Metzl</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Le Quere, Corinne" sort="Le Quere, Corinne" uniqKey="Le Quere C" first="Corinne" last="Le Quere">Corinne Le Quere</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bakker, Dorothee" sort="Bakker, Dorothee" uniqKey="Bakker D" first="Dorothee" last="Bakker">Dorothee Bakker</name><name sortKey="Le Quere, Corinne" sort="Le Quere, Corinne" uniqKey="Le Quere C" first="Corinne" last="Le Quere">Corinne Le Quere</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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